什么是變電所？
變(bian)電(dian)(dian)所是(shi)(shi)(shi)一個地(di)方，變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器是(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)所不(bu)能缺少的一個設備。變(bian)電(dian)(dian)所顧名思義就是(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)壓(ya)(ya)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)提供低壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)源；變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站也是(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)，但主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)高壓(ya)(ya)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)中(zhong)壓(ya)(ya)，或高壓(ya)(ya)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)低一級高壓(ya)(ya)，變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站占地(di)較大，根據不(bu)同(tong)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等級及容量(liang)不(bu)同(tong)占地(di)不(bu)同(tong)。
變電所按電壓等級怎么分？
可分為(wei)中壓(ya)變電(dian)所(suo)（60千伏及以下）、高壓(ya)變電(dian)所(suo)（110～220千伏）、超(chao)高壓(ya)變電(dian)所(suo)（330～765千伏），和特(te)高壓(ya)變電(dian)所(suo)（1000千伏及以上）。
那按照電力系統中的地位如何分？
分為樞紐變電所(suo)、中間變電所(suo)和終端變電所(suo)。
變(bian)電所由(you)主(zhu)接(jie)線，主(zhu)變(bian)壓器，高、低壓配電裝置(zhi)，繼(ji)電保護和控(kong)制系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，所用電和直(zhi)流(liu)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，遠(yuan)動(dong)和通信系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，必(bi)要的無功功率(lv)補償裝置(zhi)和主(zhu)控(kong)制室等(deng)組成。其中，主(zhu)接(jie)線、主(zhu)變(bian)壓器、高低壓配電裝置(zhi)等(deng)屬(shu)于一次系(xi)(xi)統(tong)；繼(ji)電保護和控(kong)制系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、直(zhi)流(liu)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、遠(yuan)動(dong)和通信系(xi)(xi)統(tong)等(deng)屬(shu)二(er)次系(xi)(xi)統(tong)。
什么是變、配電所？
變(bian)(bian)、配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)所(suo)主要指(zhi)小(xiao)區或大樓等的變(bian)(bian)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)間，變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)所(suo)帶變(bian)(bian)壓器，配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)所(suo)應(ying)不帶變(bian)(bian)壓器。
那開閉所是什么呢？
開閉(bi)所(suo)是(shi)(shi)將高(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)分(fen)別向周圍(wei)的(de)幾個用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)單位(wei)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)設施，位(wei)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系統中(zhong)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的(de)下一(yi)級。其(qi)特征是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)進線側和出(chu)線側的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)相同。當然，區域變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)也具(ju)有開閉(bi)所(suo)的(de)功能。但需(xu)明(ming)確的(de)是(shi)(shi)，開閉(bi)所(suo)是(shi)(shi)區別于(yu)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)而言(yan)的(de)。一(yi)般為(wei)2路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，轉(zhuan)供(gong)容量8000KW左右，向地塊或區域的(de)變(bian)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)室提(ti)供(gong)中(zhong)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。
開閉所也指用(yong)于(yu)(yu)接受電(dian)力并分(fen)配(pei)電(dian)力的供配(pei)電(dian)設施(shi)，高(gao)壓電(dian)網(wang)中(zhong)(zhong)稱(cheng)為開關(guan)站。中(zhong)(zhong)壓電(dian)網(wang)中(zhong)(zhong)的開閉所一(yi)般用(yong)于(yu)(yu)10kV電(dian)力的接受與(yu)分(fen)配(pei)。
開(kai)閉(bi)(bi)所(suo)(suo)一般兩進(jin)多出(chu)（常用4~6出(chu)），只(zhi)是根據不同的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)，進(jin)出(chu)可(ke)(ke)以設(she)置斷(duan)路器、負(fu)荷開(kai)關。在鐵路電力系(xi)統中，開(kai)閉(bi)(bi)所(suo)(suo)（sub-sectionpost）牽引網有(you)分支引出(chu)時，為保證(zheng)不影(ying)響電力牽引安全(quan)可(ke)(ke)靠供電而設(she)的(de)帶保護(hu)跳匣(xia)斷(duan)路器等設(she)施的(de)控制場所(suo)(suo)。多設(she)于樞紐站、編組(zu)場、電力機務段(duan)和折(zhe)返(fan)段(duan)等處。
何謂配電箱？
配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)箱如(ru)照明、動(dong)(dong)力配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)箱等，是配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)的后幾級。配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)箱switchbox；distributionbox按電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)接(jie)線要求將(jiang)開關(guan)設備、測(ce)(ce)量(liang)儀表、保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)和輔助設備組裝(zhuang)在封閉或(huo)(huo)半封閉金屬柜中或(huo)(huo)屏幅(fu)上，構(gou)成(cheng)低壓配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。正常(chang)運(yun)(yun)(yun)行時可借助手動(dong)(dong)或(huo)(huo)自動(dong)(dong)開關(guan)接(jie)通(tong)或(huo)(huo)分(fen)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)路。故障(zhang)或(huo)(huo)不正常(chang)運(yun)(yun)(yun)行時借助保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)切(qie)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)路或(huo)(huo)報警。借測(ce)(ce)量(liang)儀表可顯示運(yun)(yun)(yun)行中的各(ge)種參(can)數，還可對某(mou)些(xie)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)(qi)參(can)數進(jin)行調(diao)整，對偏離(li)正常(chang)工作狀態進(jin)行提(ti)示或(huo)(huo)發出信號。常(chang)用于各(ge)發、配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)、變電(dian)(dian)所中。
末一篇
